Rhetorical Analysis Of Shakespeare s The Bush

Option 3 In American society there is a common characteristic throughout the population for individuals to strive towards always being correct. However, with the plethora of contrasting views and stances on a multitude of topics, the possibility of always being correct diminishes considerably. Intriguing is the fact that even when individuals possess this knowledge of the unlikelihood of being correct, both debating parties will defend their beliefs, in some cases, even after one side has been proven wrong. When a previously held conclusion is threatened by another’s tempers can boil up. This rising of emotion was seen throughout Laura Bohannan’s Shakespeare in the Bush. Bohannan repeatedly began defending her interpretation of Hamlet the instant an elder began giving ideas that were contrasting towards her own. When Bohannan discussed how Hamlet’s uncle married his widowed mother and the elders began defending the notion she states, â€Å"I was to upset and thr own too far off-balance by having one of the most important elements in Hamlet knocked straight out of the picture (4).† As the passage progresses the descriptive words that Bohannan uses to depict how she was replying to the elder’s rebuttals slowly became more vehement. She begins to state she spoke â€Å"firmly† and that â€Å"she snapped† when debating Hamlet (5,6). Furthermore, she stated that,â€Å" my audience looked as confused as I sounded† implying that she began contemplating the possibilities that her interpretation wasShow MoreRelatedFrancis Bacon15624 Words   |  63 Pageschapters of his new, strange book that Montaigne introduced the fashion of writing briefly, irregularly, with constant digressions and interruptions, about the world as it appears to the individual who writes. It has always been admitted that Montaigne s genius has an affinity with the English. He was early read in England, and cer tainly by Bacon, whose is the second great name connected with this form of literature. It was in 1597, only five years after the death of Montaigne, that Bacon publishedRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmanaging, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from theRead MoreAnalysis: Dogville30953 Words   |  124 Pageslà ¦ser rapporten. Abstract In this report an analysis of the film Dogville, 2003, directed by Lars von Trier, is carried out. At its premiere and in the debate, the film instigated, it was characterised as anti-American, moral, religious and so on. The starting point, from which the project has been produced, is the thesis that Dogville is a film that has a very complex form, which makes it hard to attribute certain attitudes to it. In the analysis, this thesis is investigated, and in the discussionRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesReasons ................................................................................................ 236 Deceiving with Loaded Language ................................................................................................... 238 Using Rhetorical Devices .................................................................................................................. 240 Review of Major Points .............................................................................................

Brinvillier Free Essays

She clearly writes a second hand account of the B Renville women’s’ maniac and unfortunate plan with her later repercussions. Prompting the s Tory ,†this was still the only thing talked about in Paris,† this story tells the tale of a woman’s purr e desires and her extreme measures of poisoning her husband. Madame De S’ view’s sets up her blabs opinion towards the account by using her elevated Dalton. We will write a custom essay sample on Brinvillier or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thus showing her tone an d the execution of the plot. Throughout Madame’s letter, she Is able to narrate her purpose dramatic her ideas. And use organizational tools to aid her overall sympathy for the e Berliners woman. Although Seven’s is depicting an event, she seamlessly connects her supporting data of her opinions towards the Berliner woman. She starts off noting the women’s initial t Houghton and plans for her situation. As she depicts her crime, she leaves no room for the reader to interpret his woman as a good citizen. Seventeen’s short summary of the account forces the dual once to trust her opinion and agree with her by the end coming to the conclusion that this w Oman receives no redemption. † And, it may be supposed, that we now inhale what remains of her. † Finally, by using her repetitive strategies, she is able to successfully sway the reader towards what she wants them to believe. Helping Madame De Giving’s is her elevated diction. This allowing her create an elite opinion as well as persuading her readers. She creates a dramatic tone almost more than the average author to depict the seventy of both her crime and her execution. She leads t he reader suck her with horror†. She is able to utilize a simple summary yet integrate words like shudder inning and horror to emphasize the importance of the story. Madame has the advantage in her I otter to help depict her version of the story yet still remain true to the main idea. Lastly her organizational tools aid her success of both stating her opinion and narrate Eng her story. She starts out with her impacting one sided headline intriguing the audience e to read her letter at a glance. She creates a steady flow of events streamlined with detailed word choice and extreme opinions. Closing out her letter, she solidifies her views. The Berliners whom an to Madame De Giving’s is nothing but a murderous wench remaining completely of ids approval through the entirety of the essay. She is very clever in her organizational set up to Cree ate an easily attainable one sided agreement. And lastly, her clever closing remarks, â€Å"It is to e hoped that we shall not inhale her murderous instincts also,† complete her overall purpose of the letter. Overall, Madame De Giving’s provides various examples throughout her letter using writing tools and strategies. She depicts her purpose through her diction and drama ‘zing the horrors of the Berliners woman. Her strategic organization shifts this monotonous e vent into a story of her own. Even though she takes a more Juvenile approach towards her though TTS , she uses elite strategies to make her purpose apparent. How to cite Brinvillier, Papers

Renaissance Art and Culture Essay Example For Students

Renaissance Art and Culture Essay Although the Renaissance saw revolutions in many intellectual activities, as well as social and political confusion, it is perhaps best known for its artistic developments. Leonardo dad Vinci and Michelangelo were inspired by the term Renaissance man. Renaissance influence was felt in literature, philosophy, art, music, politics, science, religion, and other aspects of intellectual study. Renaissance scholars used the humanist method in study, and searched for realism and human emotion in art. The civilizations of Greece and Rome were rediscovered, inspiring an interest in Classical learning which challenged medieval beliefs and ideas. The population was becoming wealthier which led to an increase in trade and travel and the spread of new ideas. The rise in prosperity also generated an interest in education, supported the flourishing of the arts and promoted scientific discoveries and new inventions. Perhaps the most important of these was the printing press, which allowed the distribution of information to a much wider audience than ever before, further increasing the demand for more knowledge. INFLUENCE OF RENAISSANCE Renaissance was much more than a rebirth of classical art. It was a rejection of the middle Ages, which were Just ending. During medieval times, the arts were concerned mainly with religion, with the life of the spirit, with the hereafter. Little importance was given to life on earth except as a preparation for the next world. But as the 1 5th century began, Italians were turning their attention to the world about them. People started to think more about nonstructural, or nonreligious, matters. They began placing faith in their own qualities and their own importance. This new spirit was called humanism. Discipline, unquestioning faith, obedience to authoritythese medieval benefits were o longer blindly accepted. People asked questions and wanted to find their own answers. Artists were among the first affected by the new spirit of humanism. In their work they began to focus on human life on earth. ITALIAN RENAISSANCE ART The Italian Renaissance was one of the most productive periods in the history of art, with large numbers of outstanding masters to be found in many centers and in all the major fields painting, sculpture, and architecture. In Florence, in the first half of the fifteenth century, there were great innovators in all these fields, whose work raked a beginning off new era in the history of art. The idea of artistic genius became popular; Michelangelo was called divine because of the greatness of his creative powers. In the Renaissance, art and science were closely connected. Both the artist and the scientist strove for the mastery of the physical world, and the art of painting profited by two fields of study that may be called scientific: anatomy, which made possible a more accurate representation of the human body, and mathematical perspective. Humanistic education, based on ethics and the liberal arts, was pushed s a way to create experienced citizens who could actively participate in the political process. Humanists celebrated the mind, beauty, power, and enormous potential of human beings. They believed that people were able to experience God directly and should have a personal, emotional relationship to their faith. God had made the world but humans were able to share in his glory by becoming creators themselves. INFLUENCE ON PAINTING The painting in France was known as Florentine painting. The techniques favored by the Florentine were tempera and fresco. The Tempera Painting: In tempera painting a dry surface was used. A wooden panel was grounded with several coats of plaster in glue, and the work was then copied from a drawing. The colors were tempered with egg or vegetable albumin. The Fresco Painting: The fresco technique, used for the mural paintings in Florentine churches, involved painting on wet plaster. The sketch was first copied on the plaster wall in rough outline, and the part on which the painter was going to work during a given day was then covered with fresh plaster. The painter had to redraw the part that had been covered by the new plaster and add the colors. As the plaster dried, the colors came a permanent part of it. ARTISTS DURING RENAISSANCE The beginning of the great Florentine school of painting came in the middle Ages. Nazi Art EssayThe greatest of the 1 5th-century Venetian painters was Giovanni Beeline Antennas friendship with Beeline had a direct influence on Venetian painting. Bellinis rich, mellow color and warm lighting bring out the human qualities of his serene Madonna and saints. He was one of the first Italians to use oil paint on canvas. Two of Giovanni Bellinis pupils became the most outstanding Venetian painters of the High Renaissance. They were Giorgio and Titian. Gorinesss colorful and poetic pictures attracted a large following of artists known as Egregiousness painters. Titian began as a Egregiousness painter but developed far beyond this style. He achieved such mastery in the handling of bright, warm color that he was considered to be the equal of Michelangelo. In his late works figures and objects melt into a glow of light and colora treatment of painting that seems very modern. Renaissance in the North Oil painting had become popular in Venice by the end of the 15th century. The Venetians learned a great deal from Flemish artists. The Flemish painter Jan van is often given the credit for developing an important oil technique. The Flemish and German styles of the early 1 5th century were completely different from the early Renaissance style of the Florentine. Instead of simple geometric arrangements of three-dimensional figures, as in Mosaics paintings, the northern Europeans aimed at creating realistic pictures by rendering countless detailsintricate floor patterns, drapery designs, and miniature landscapes. This complex style of the north did not develop from a humanistic classical art but from the Gothic tradition of mysticism and tortured realism. Flemish Painting Van Cocks Madonna painted in 1436, is an excellent example of Flemish realism. All the details of the roomthe patterned carpet, the armor of Saint George, and the architecturemake this picture seem very real. There is no sign of the Italian sense of beauty here: the figures are not idealized. In the faces of the people can be seen the wrinkles and imperfections of real life. One of the best-known Flemish artists of the second half of the 1 5th century was Hugo van deer Goes. When the Florentine painters saw Hogs work, they were impressed by its lifelike quality. This Flemish influence can be seen in later Florentine nettings. Gradually the hard outlines of the Flemish style became softer because of Italian influences, and by the middle of the 16th century the ideas of the Renaissance had been absorbed into Flemish art. German Painting The German artist Albrecht Udder went to Italy, where he was impressed by the countryside and by the art he saw. While in Venice, he came to know and admire Giovanni Beeline. Beeline, in turn, admired Udders work. Udder had been trained in the Gothic tradition of German art. He had learned to imitate nature accurately and painstakingly. He was a master in the use of sensitive line in drawings, woodcuts, engravings, and paintings. The End of the Renaissance During the second quarter of the 16th century, mannerism began to take hold in European art. This was the first truly international European style. Renaissance art had been typically Italian in style, but mannerism developed throughout Europe and combined many traditions. The art of northern painters such as Pitter Burgher the Elder and Udder can be considered part of this school. So can the work of Michelangelo and Tinderbox and many other 16th-century Italian artists. The work of the French painters of Fontainebleau and that of El Greece in Spain is also part of the mannerist style. Mannerism was both a reaction against and an outgrowth of the High Renaissance. It was typified by abnormally lengthened or distorted figures and the replacement of perspective with a flatter and less organized type of space. By the end of the 16th century the High Renaissance in Italy had given way to late mannerism and the early baroque. But the discoveries and ideals of the Renaissance remained as a permanent heritage to all artists who came afterward. The most important contribution of the Renaissance was its vision of man as beautiful, noble, and independent.

the most beautiful place i can remember Essays -

Whenever the thought of the most beautiful placed my eyes has ever seen comes to mind, there is only one place in my memory. Nestled on a plateau in the shady parish of St. Catherine Jamaica; lies the famous lovers get-away called Winters Park. Bearing no relation to the frigid season of the year; rather the name of the cultivator of this breath-taking paradise. This is undoubtedly the most beautiful place I have ever visited. In the summer of nineteen ninety-nine. My now wife, paid me a visit as the often did every year. We had been friends since high school; but shortly after her graduation, she emigrated to the united states in quest of a better life. We had been dating almost four years when my mother suggested I propose to her. I did not need much encouragement since I had already had it I mind. I wanted it to be a memorable occasion so I thought about places that would support my wish. After scouring the countryside and asking many opinions, a friend of mine informed me of a pr ivate property that catered only to tourist. Since I had never heard about it I was mildly skeptical at first, but had always trusted this friend of mine opinion on almost everything, so I then looked forward this lost paradise as he referred to it. On the day I purchased her engagement ring, I asked her if she would like to go out with me that evening, and she gladly accepted. On our journey, I again became slightly apprehensive, as I had never travelled this area before. The road we took snaked into the mountains of sligoville, I had always thought this area was just some wooded place that farmers dwelt and farmed sugarcane, even Kerri began to question me as to where I was taking her; like myself she had never travelled this road. We soon began to look down on the plains of the bog walk gorge and this somehow started to captivate us, as the view from up here was just awesome. It began to get cool, and all along the roadway, we started seeing flowers of many different species. Birds flew by and perched in tress singing their sweet sons as we drove by. Where had this place been all along we asked each other, this was about ten miles from our homes yet we had never been here. I told her that I heard about a nature resort that wa s here in the hills and she pretty much laugh and asked me how come she had never heard about it, I told her I just found out about it today and we were coming to see. As we rounded the next corner, a sign by the side of the road indicated our destination was just up the bend! I began to see many cars parked along the road and tourist walking with their cameras to and from the destination, those coming back all had an expression of enjoyment on their faces. We followed the sign tills we came upon a gate with a ticket booth, we were asked to pay an alarming price and was slightly taken aback, this better be worth it I thought! Through the gates we went, and as soon as we had travelled a hundred yards, my nose was tantalized by the aromatic fragrances of a wide variety of flowering shrubs and trees, so beautiful1 The whole landscape transformed into a majestic garden in the midst of which

Alice Meynells Classic Essay By the Railway Side

Alice Meynell's Classic Essay By the Railway Side Though born in London, poet, suffragette, critic and essayist ​Alice Meynell  (1847-1922) spent most of her childhood in Italy, the setting for this short travel essay, By the Railway Side. Originally published in The Rhythm of Life and Other Essays (1893), By the Railway Side contains a powerful vignette. In an article titled The Railway Passenger; or, The Training of the Eye, Ana Parejo Vadillo and John Plunkett interpret Meynells brief ​descriptive narrative as an attempt to get rid of what one may call the passengers guilt or the transformation of someone elses drama into a spectacle, and the guilt of the passenger as he or she takes the position of the audience, not oblivious to the fact that what is happening is real but both unable and unwilling to act on it (The Railway and Modernity: Time, Space, and the Machine Ensemble, 2007). By the Railway Side by Alice Meynell My train drew near to the Via Reggio platform on a day between two of the harvests of a hot September; the sea was burning blue, and there were a sombreness and a gravity in the very excesses of the sun as his fires brooded deeply over the serried, hardy, shabby, seaside ilex-woods. I had come out of Tuscany and was on my way to the Genovesato: the steep country with its profiles, bay by bay, of successive mountains grey with olive-trees, between the flashes of the Mediterranean and the sky; the country through the which there sounds the twanging Genoese language, a thin Italian mingled with a little Arabic, more Portuguese, and much French. I was regretful at leaving the elastic Tuscan speech, canorous in its vowels set in emphatic Ls and ms and the vigorous soft spring of the double consonants. But as the train arrived its noises were drowned by a voice declaiming in the tongue I was not to hear again for monthsgood Italian. The voice was so loud that one looked for the audience: W hose ears was it seeking to reach by the violence done to every syllable, and whose feelings would it touch by its insincerity? The tones were insincere, but there was passion behind them; and most often passion acts its own true character poorly, and consciously enough to make good judges think it a mere counterfeit. Hamlet, being a little mad, feigned madness. It is when I am angry that I pretend to be angry, so as to present the truth in an obvious and intelligible form. Thus even before the words were distinguishable it was manifest that they were spoken by a man in serious trouble who had false ideas as to what is convincing in elocution. When the voice became audibly articulate, it proved to be shouting blasphemies from the broad chest of a middle-aged manan Italian of the type that grows stout and wears whiskers. The man was in bourgeois dress, and he stood with his hat off in front of the small station building, shaking his thick fist at the sky. No one was on the platform with him except the railway officials, who seemed in doubt as to their duties in the matter, and two women. Of one of these there was nothing to remark except her distress. She wept as she stood at the door of the waiting-room. Like the second woman, she wore the dress of the shopkeeping class throughout Europe, with the local black lace veil in place of a bonnet over her hair. It is of the second womanO unfortunate creature!that this record is madea record without sequel, without consequence; but there is nothing to be done in her regard except so to remember her. And thus much I think I owe after having looked, from the midst of the negative ha ppiness that is given to so many for a space of years, at some minutes of her despair. She was hanging on the mans arm in her entreaties that he would stop the drama he was enacting. She had wept so hard that her face was disfigured. Across her nose was the dark purple that comes with overpowering fear. Haydon saw it on the face of a woman whose child had just been run over in a London street. I remembered the note in his journal as the woman at Via Reggio, in her intolerable hour, turned her head my way, her sobs lifting it. She was afraid that the man would throw himself under the train. She was afraid that he would be damned for his blasphemies; and as to this her fear was mortal fear. It was horrible, too, that she was humpbacked and a dwarf. Not until the train drew away from the station did we lose the clamour. No one had tried to silence the man or to soothe the womans horror. But has any one who saw it forgotten her face? To me for the rest of the day it was a sensible rather than a merely mental image. Constantly a red blur rose before my eyes for a background, and against it appeared the dwarfs head, lifted with sobs, under the provincial black lace veil. And at night what emphasis it gained on the boundaries of sleep! Close to my hotel there was a roofless theatre crammed with people, where they were giving Offenbach. The operas of Offenbach still exist in Italy, and the little town was placarded with announcements of La Bella Elena. The peculiar vulgar rhythm of the music jigged audibly through half the hot night, and the clapping of the towns-folk filled all its pauses. But the persistent noise did but accompany, for me, the persistent vision of those three figures at the Via Reggio station in the profound sunshi ne of the day.

Rich Halloween Moviemakers Hire Cheap Copywriters

Rich Halloween Moviemakers Hire Cheap Copywriters Rich Halloween Moviemakers Hire Cheap Copywriters Rich Halloween Moviemakers Hire Cheap Copywriters By Guest Author This is a guest post by Kevin Craner. If you want to write for Daily Writing Tips check the guidelines here. What’s the scariest thing about Halloween II?   The chilling music?   The gore?   The sight of Michael Myers raising his blood-soaked knife to yet another helpless victim?   Well, if you care about grammar, the scariest thing is the blurb on the back of the DVD box.   Read it, and you’ll learn that Halloween Uncut grossed $80 million worldwide.   That’s plenty of money with which to hire the best copywriters, the best proofreaders, the best- well, the best everyone and everything.   So how did the error in the sentence below make it in to print? But the town’s got an unlikely new hero, if they can only stay alive long enough to stop the unstoppable. If you’re not sure what the error is, ask yourself this:  which word does the pronoun they replace?   You might think it replaces hero.   And on the face of it, that makes sense- after all, the hero is the one who will â€Å"stop the unstoppable.†Ã‚   But there’s a problem: it can’t replace hero, because hero is singular whereas they is plural. O.K, so if it doesn’t replace hero, it must replace town.   But there’s another problem: it can’t replace town, because town is also singular.   You know it’s singular because the writer used a singular verb (has rather than have).   Remove the contraction and this becomes clear: But the town has got an unlikely new hero The sentence is, therefore, a meaningless mess.   They refers to neither the town nor the hero.   The reader has to guess what the writer meant.   (If you’re wondering, there’s nothing in the preceding blurb to which the they could refer.) Remember: Whenever you use a pronoun, check that it agrees in number with the word that it replaces- that is, unless it’s Halloween and you want to scare an English teacher. U.K. resident Kevin Craner is a lawyer and writer.   He has written comedy for the BBC, and is a regular contributor to â€Å"Humor Press†- winning first place in its June/July 2009 competition.   He also writes a humor blog.   Ã‚   Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Whimsical Words75 Idioms and Expressions That Include â€Å"Break†I wish I were...

IN VITRO FERTILIZATION Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

IN VITRO FERTILIZATION - Research Paper Example According to the World Health Organization, â€Å"Infertility is the inability to conceive a child. A couple may be considered infertile if, after two years of regular sexual intercourse, without contraception, the woman has not become pregnant (and there is no other reason, such as breastfeeding or postpartum amenorrhea).† Infertility may be classified as either primary infertility or secondary infertility. Primary infertility refers to infertility where there is no history of even a single pregnancy. Secondary infertility is defined as infertility where there is a history of a previous pregnancy. Infertility may result owing to reproductive problems arising within the males or the females. There are many reasons which can affect the normal capacity of conceiving. These include the increase age of females, smoking by males and females, decreased coital occurrence and consumption of alcohol in increased amounts. Other factors include altered body mass index of the females and certain drugs which alter the normal reproductive capacity. The increased occurrence of infertility has led to the creation of management techniques to correct this issue. In vitro fertilization is one such technique which is used by the couples for the purpose of conception. This technique which is also referred to as IVF is the combining of an ovum and sperm in the laboratory for creating an embryo. This embryo is then artificially implanted into the uterus of the female (American Pregnancy Association 2007a; American Pregnancy Association. 2007b; Monga et al., 2011). In vitro fertilization is a very expensive procedure and mostly it does not lie under the insurance coverage in many states in America. The cost for one complete cycle of in vitro fertilization is not marked to be constant for every person. But the estimated cost is believed to range from 12,000 to 17,000 dollars. This is the initial cost that has to be paid for the entire procedure with the inclusion of the medicati ons. If other artificial reproductive techniques are used along with In vitro fertilization the cost can be higher. If the couple requires an ovum and sperm donor the cost is raised as per the requirement. If an ovum is required the cost can increase to 25,000 to 30,000 dollars. If a sperm is required, the cost may rise to 13,000 to 17,000 dollars. These costs are implicated for only one cycle and if unsuccessful, complete costs are to be repaid for the carrying out of the entire process of in vitro fertilization again (Dugdale et al.,2009; Gurevich 2011). Different investigations are to be completed prior to the initiation of the procedure. A general physical examination of the female should be performed along with the examination of the pelvis. The genitals of the males should also be examined. A semen analysis report of the male should be performed for ensuring the viability of the sperms and to check if there will be a need for a donor. Follicular stimulating hormone, luteinizin g hormone and estradiol levels should be checked for the females during the follicular phase. This should be followed by a hysterosalpingogram. An ultrasound of the pelvis should also be performed to locate any uterine pathology. In vitro fertilization is performed following the completion of these tests. The procedure involves the completion of five basic steps. The first step is the introduction of medicines to lead to the production of ova that can be used for the fertilization. FSH is introduced within the female body to promote the production of up to 10 ova. This is followed by the administration of hCG which causes the ovaries to release eggs. The second step is the collection of the eggs. This is done with using a needle is then performed with the assistance of

Management Accounting and Performance Evaluation Essay

Management Accounting and Performance Evaluation - Essay Example Facts of the Case Following are the facts of the case: Shirley Banks has recently joined PFA Ltd as factory manager with a motive to increase the turnover and market share. The factory runs for 24 hours with three eight-hour shifts. The shifts are rotated in such a manner that no one team has to consistently work at night. Currently the factory has a high number of temporary staff and the production is behind the targets. The shipment of orders is always done late. The workers are highly discontent due to the frequent impractical actions by the management regarding the factory management. Recent examples are the decisions to change every shift to twelve hours, cancellation of overtime payments and introduction of weekly performance reports. The high unachievable monthly targets have put undue strain on the workers. Moreover, the general office costs are allocated to each shift manager. The overall effect is that the workers are not motivated enough. The logistics manager is running t he local election campaign and in doing so he is using the company’s resources. No one has raised the issue so far. Nature of the Problem The basic nature of the problem lies with the incompetent management control process in the company. This has caused several other problems such as late order delivery, highly de-motivated workers, unachieved targets, unexplained allocation of general office costs to each shift manager and high level of temporary workforce. Management Accounting Control Systems Although the management accounting control systems and management control systems are mostly used interchangeably, the management accounting control is only one aspect of the control mechanism exercised by the management. The primary aim of management control systems is to achieve the organization’s objectives by influencing employee behaviours. There are three different types of control approaches i.e. action controls, results control, personnel and cultural controls (Merchan t, 1998 cited in Drury, 2007, p.388). The management accounting control system is related to the results control. It is based on two elements, the one is formal planning process and the second is responsibility accounting. The formal planning process encompasses budgeting process and long-term planning process whereas the responsibility accounting involves the establishment of responsibility centres (Drury, 2007, p.395). Responsibility Accounting The responsibility accounting involves creating responsibility centres to make accountable the individuals for financial results and outcomes. The individuals responsible for responsibility centres are made accountable any deviations from budget targets. Overall, the responsibility accounting involves: Identification of Controllability The items, which can be controlled by managers and those which they cannot control and therefore, should not be held accountable for, should be identified. This is based on controllability principle. The prin ciple states that only those costs can be or should be charged to responsibility area that can be influenced by the manager responsible. This principle is applied by

Our Earth Essay Example for Free

Our Earth Essay Our earth is made up 78 percent of water, and rest of it is land. Because of this, there is ample number of living organisms in land as well as water. It has plains, plateaus, mountains, valleys, deserts, forests, grasslands, oceans, seas, rivers, lakes etc. As there are various kinds of regions on earth, every region has its own kind of wild life as well as plant life. Earth has undergone a gradual change in its environment through its years of evolution. Our earth and its diverse environment: Plateaus, plains and valleys Plateaus: A plateau is a large highland area of fairly level land separated from surrounding land by steep slopes. Some plateaus, like the plateau of Tibet, lie between mountain ranges. Others are higher than surrounding land. Plateaus are widespread, and together with enclosed basins they cover about 45 percent of the Earths land surface. Plains: plains are broad, nearly level stretches of land that have no great changes in elevation. Plains are generally lower than the land around them; they may be found along a coast or inland. Coastal plains generally rise from sea level until they meet higher landforms such as mountains or plateaus. Inland plains may be found at high altitudes. Valleys: A valley is a hollow or surface depression of the earth bounded by hills or mountains, a natural trough in the earths surface, that slopes down to a stream, lake or the ocean, formed by water and/or ice erosion. Systems of valleys extend through plains, hills, and mountains. Rivers and streams flowing through valleys drain interior land regions to the ocean. At the bottom of many valleys is fertile soil, which makes excellent farmland. Most valleys on dry land are formed by running water of streams and rivers.

Cultural Relativism as Applied to Female Genital Mutilation Essay

Cultural Relativism as Applied to Female Genital Mutilation "I remember the blade. How it shone! There was a woman kneeling over me with the knife. I bit her; it was all I could do. Then three women came to hold me down. One of them sat on my chest. I bit her with all my might." These words reflect Banassiri Sylla’s account of her experience undergoing female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation (FGM), at the young age of eight in the Ivory Coast. This disturbing description of her struggle makes it hard to understand why any culture could support such a practice. Yet, it is estimated that about 132 million women and girls in about thirty African countries have undergone the same, or at least similar, cultural procedure as Banassiri. According to the World Health Organization, about two million girls undergo female genital mutilation every year and the percentage of women circumcised is as high as ninety-eight percent in countries such as Djibouti . Despite its popularity in Africa, FGM is under scrutiny by members of the international human rights community. In 1993, female circumcision was deemed harmful by the international Human Rights Conference in Vienna . The World Health Organization, UNICEF, and the UN Population Fund have planned programs designed to â€Å"completely eliminate [female genital mutilation] within three generations† , on the basis that FGM is a human rights violation. This gives rise to the obvious question as to whether human rights activists and organizations should be sensitive to the cultural practices of the people of Africa. Some human rights activists have even professed FGM as a â€Å"knock-down counterargument to cultural relativism†, and use the practice as an example of how hum... ...ture of others. Works Cited Dorkenoo, Efua and Scilla Elworthy. â€Å"Female Genital Mutilation: Proposals for Change†. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. (1992): 3-36. â€Å"Female Genital Mutilation: An Overview†. World Health Organization Publications. Geneva: 1998. Viewed 1 Dec. 2001. http://www.who.int/dsa/cat98/fgmbook.htm#2.%20Prevalence%20and%20epidemiology> Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn. â€Å"Cultural Relativism and Universal Rights†. The Chronicle of Higher Education. June 1995. Viewed 1 Dec. 2001. http://www.cs.org/publications/featuredarticles/1998/fluerhlobban.htm> Reaves, Malik Stan. â€Å"Alternative Rite to Female Circumcision Spreading in Kenya†. Africa News Service. Nov. 1997. Pp 1-3. Robinson, Simon. â€Å"The Last Rites†. Time Europe. Dec. 2001: Vol 158, No 23. 1 Dec. 2001. http://www.time.com/time/europe/af/magazine/0,9868,185799,00.html>

Environment Day Essay

It gives me great pleasure to address you on this World Environment Day 2014. World Environment Day is commemorated worldwide each year under the direction of the United Nations to heighten public awareness of the environment. In recent times, the need to promote more earth friendly practices in order to maintain the health of our planet has come to the forefront, as world nations struggle to reverse the present trend of climate change. The World Environment Day is a reminder to show our gratefulness to Mother Nature, which sustains all forms of life. This is the day to focus our thoughts and our energies to make collective efforts towards protecting the environment. India has rich traditional knowledge and wisdom in the conservation of nature and natural resources. Religious beliefs, culture and folklore have together treated nature and environment with sanctity. Conservation and protection of environment and love for nature have always been part and parcel of Indian ethos and cultu re. Thank you all. Have a nice day. It gives me great pleasure to address you on this World Environment Day 2014. World Environment Day is commemorated worldwide each year under the direction of the United Nations to heighten public awareness of the environment. In recent times, the need to promote more earth friendly practices in order to maintain the health of our planet has come to the forefront, as world nations struggle to reverse the present trend of climate change. The World Environment Day is a reminder to show our gratefulness to Mother Nature, which sustains all forms of life. This is the day to focus our thoughts and our energies to make collective efforts towards protecting the environment. India has rich traditional knowledge and wisdom in the conservation of nature and natural resources. Religious beliefs, culture and folklore have together treated nature and environment with sanctity. Conservation and protection of environment and love for nature have always been part and parcel of Indian ethos and cultu re. Thank you all. Have a nice day. It gives me great pleasure to address you on this World Environment Day 2014. World Environment Day is commemorated worldwide each year under the direction of the United Nations to heighten public awareness of the  environment. In recent times, the need to promote more earth friendly practices in order to maintain the health of our planet has come to the forefront, as world nations struggle to reverse the present trend of climate change. The World Environment Day is a reminder to show our gratefulness to Mother Nature, which sustains all forms of life. This is the day to focus our thoughts and our energies to make collective efforts towards protecting the environment. India has rich traditional knowledge and wisdom in the conservation of nature and natural resources. Religious beliefs, culture and folklore have together treated nature and environment with sanctity. Conservation and protection of environment and love for nature have always been part and parcel of Indian ethos and cu lture. Thank you all. Have a nice day.

Lkdsa

Philosophy Gung If Panda tells the story about Pop, who was chosen as the dragon warrior by the wise old turtle, Master Agway, to defeat the enemies and save China from evil. Unfortunately, Pop was an unlikely character for he was fat and clumsy. He thinks he is not strong enough for the Job as much as others think of him the same way. But as the movie keeps going, Pop decided to finally strip off his fears and insecurities.He learned that inner peace is what he need to realize that life is not about who we are, UT who can we can be. I also eventually found the passion and courage on Pop. He was always optimistic and brave to conquer any difficult problems. And I like the way he did when he faced the tough training from Master Shift, because he used his ability â€Å"eating†, to transform and be better warrior. His unsophisticated mind made complicated things more simple and easy.From this predicable plot, we can find one very important lesson in life, especially for us teens who hold the future: Trust ourselves. No one can ever tell you that you can't, especially when you know with all your heart that you are on the right path. One must not give up and continue to believe to achieve dreams so that you would not regret. Achieving Inner peace Is also achieving inner strength. Gung If Panda also teaches the shy ones who lack confidence in their abilities and capacities. The movie tells that falling Is not the basis to continue dreaming and aiming.One must not be afraid to fall, because failure and stake helps an Individual to be better and stronger and will motivate you to keep trying. Life may not be perfect and we may have Insecurities or a traumatic childhood. We may not be the best of the world and not have everything that we want. But it shouldn't stop us from reaching our full potential. Gung If Panda shows that we Just have to look deep within ourselves and find Inner peace, so we can choose where we want to be. Skids By Deanne Unfortunately, Pop wa s an unlikely character for he was fat and clumsy.He thinks he is believe to achieve dreams so that you would not regret. Achieving inner peace is also confidence in their abilities and capacities. The movie tells that failing is not the basis to continue dreaming and aiming. One must not be afraid to fail, because failure and mistake helps an individual to be better and stronger and will motivate you to keep trying. Life may not be perfect and we may have insecurities or a traumatic that we Just have to look deep within ourselves and find inner peace, so we can

Masterdon Carpet Mills Essays

Masterdon Carpet Mills Essays Masterdon Carpet Mills Essay Masterdon Carpet Mills Essay Subject: Possibility of establishing private distribution centers or wholesale operation Overview Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc is a privately held manufacturer of a full line of medium to high price carpet primarily for the residential segment. Cardon has been around for over 30 years and have great long term relationships with its wholesalers. But, Cardon is lagging behind with the industries sales growth. The current wholesaler’s sales force only uses 40% of their sales call time towards Cardon products. If they eliminate the wholesaler by going with their own direct distribution center, Cardon Carpet Mills can reserve the wholesale markup and other expenditures for themselves. The opportunity of forward vertical integration by newly established distribution practices, in the long run, is a viable and attractive option proven in the following qualitative and quantitative analysis. Recommendation 1. Establish private direct distribution centers focusing on residential business to eliminate wholesalers and maximize profits. Rationale Through a 25% wholesale markup, there is currently $13. 5 million spent at the wholesale level. The margin of $13. 5 million paid out to wholesalers could be preserved by Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc. to support the change in the distribution channel using internal capital. This satisfies conditions set out by Robert Meadows, President of Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc. and company policy to finance programs from internal funds except for capital expansion (Appendix). If Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc. aintains the same retail production presently on hand through the wholesale channel currently used, $2,240,000 should be spent on the salaries of 32 sales representatives and an additional $320,000 should be spent on the salaries of 4 overseeing managers if each sales manager manages eight individual sales representatives (Appendix). The total spent on sales administration, which is 40% of the salaries of the total sales force and management costs per year, total $1,024,000. The cost to carr y inventory and accounts receivable total 10% each of sales. With the current preferred inventory turnover of 4 times per year, inventory carrying costs would total $1,350,000 and accounts receivable carrying cost would be $1,662,561 (Appendix). Transportation expenses equal 4% of sales and total $2,700,000. The total estimated cost of Cardon Carpet Mills, Inc. transition to direct distribution would be considerably less expensive, with $14,196,561 spent in the distribution to retail accounts, than maintaining the current wholesale distribution. Advantages of direct distribution include: 1. Allow the services provided to buyers through a sales force that is tailored to their needs. 2. Relocation of distribution centers closer to Dallas Fort-Worth and Atlanta metropolitan areas will allow for better service those areas. 3. Already involved in direct distribution, but currently only in contract sales. Those contract sales 28% of current company sales. Disadvantages of direct distribution include: 1. Threat of mass exodus of wholesalers after opening of first company warehouse. 2. Increase of fixed costs. 3. Implementation of marketing strategies, promotion, and advertising typically done by wholesaler’s sales force. Going direct will improve the satisfaction of retailers by allowing the company to avoid additional markups associated with wholesalers and discount the price to retailers. The company is also able to provide better service through an efficient sales force that is exclusive to Cardon Carpets. This new distribution system will also benefit the 1200 members of buying groups that demand lower prices. The initial difficulties of change maybe challenging due to the time constraints involved in implementing a direct distribution system. However, the long run benefits of direct distribution will surpass its current disadvantages. Next Steps Search for suitable locations for the distribution centers at the seven metropolitan areas Hire and train knowledgeable personnel for each center. First, the four managers would be hired and trained by our current regional sales coordinators. Thereafter, managers would be responsible for hiring and training their sales force. Try to end relationships with wholesalers on good terms. It is imperative to inform the retailers of the change in distribution system. This can be done through a letter that highlights their benefits from this change (price reduction, better service, etc). This will be most effective at the time of opening our distribution operations.

Definition and Examples of Context Clues

Definition and Examples of Context Clues In reading  and listening, a context clue is information (such as a definition, synonym, antonym, or example) that appears near a word or phrase and offers direct or indirect suggestions about its meaning. Context clues are more commonly found in nonfiction texts than in fiction, though they are found in childrens literature, often with the goal of building readers vocabulary. Words can have multiple meanings, so being able to infer the correct meaning from context is a valuable reading comprehension skill. Types of Context Clues You learn new words through context of the words around them, inferring their meaning through whats going on in the story or what has already been explained in the article. Clues to deciphering a words meaning can be subtle hints or straight-out explanations or illustrations of meaning.   Context clues can be synonyms, antonyms, definitions, explanations, word-structure clues, comparisons (such as metaphors and similes), and contrasts. For example: Synonym context clues will have words nearby that mean the same thing: Synonym: The annual fete is scheduled for the last day of school. Its always a great party.Synonym:   That charlatan! he cried. That absolute fake! Antonym context clues will have words nearby that mean the opposite. Antonym: You look pretty content about it, not like youre all languishing in worry, he said.Antonym:  No, no, that didnt literally happen, she said. I was just  speaking figuratively. Definition context clues just spell out the meaning in a straightforward manner: Definition: In Britain they call a cars trunk its boot.Definition: The department  super, as we call them, she explained to the new hire, is Jerry, the utilities  superintendent.   An explanation or illustration can also show the context of the word: Explanation:  She looked at the  random stuff  that had been thrown in the packing box at the last minute, from toothpaste and razors to spatulas and sticky notes. Well, thats quite the  melange, isnt it? she thought.Explanation:  No, no, thats just a  crane fly, not a  gigantic mosquito, he explained. Word-structure clues come from a reader or listener understanding, for example, a base word and a prefix and inferring meaning of their combination, such as knowing anti- means against or knowing one word when hearing something very similar, such as understanding that a memorial is for someone whos died: Word-structure: Im absolutely anti-establishment, the candidate declared.Word-structure: The book was listed in memoriam of his father. Comparison context clues will show the meaning of a word through similarities to other items or elements, similies or metaphors: Comparison: He looked absolutely  flummoxed, like a toddler staring down at his feet on the floor and who just isnt sure about this whole walking thing.Comparison:  No, she said, Im as carefree about it as a bird floating among the clouds. Contrast context clues show meaning through dissimilar elements: Contrast:  It isnt exactly the melee that I expected by your description, he said. The kids are just roughhousing a little. I expected them to be bruised and bleeding.Contrast: I know she said she could  reconstitute  the dried fruit, but a wet raisin just isnt a grape any longer. Limitations of Context Clues Learning new words this way has its limitations, as contexts arent always informative; theyll likely give a reader only a general idea of a word, not a full meaning. If the sentences in which the new word appear dont clearly spell out the definition of the word, the meaning may not be retained by the readers memory for long. For long-term retention, a reader needs to see a word multiple times, and having some instances include a definition will increase the likelihood of a person remembering the word.   Michael Graves wrote in The Vocabulary Book: Learning and Instruction, All in all, the descriptive research on learning from context shows that context can produce learning of word meanings and that although the probability of learning a word from a single occurrence is low, the probability of learning a word from context increases substantially with additional occurrences of the word. That is how we typically learn from context. We learn a little from the first encounter with a word and then more and more about a words meaning as we meet it in new and different contexts.

Greek Theater Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Greek Theater - Research Paper Example However, performance of the plays began in the city of Athens during a religious festival of Dionysus, perceived to be the patron god of theatre and agriculture, peace promoter and the god of wine and harvest (Thomopoulous, p56). The actors would perform the plays within the first two weeks in the month of March in every year. An Archon would arrange, run and manage the activities of the festivals. He was an official whose election was at the end of every festival in every year. The Archon would perform his duties of managing the festivals only once (Rieger, p70). The new Archon would start immediate preparations for the next year’s festivals immediately after their election. He also appointed the playwrights who would present during the festivals and the judges, who would determine the winner. He selected two sets for the plays supposed to be staged during the festivals, one of tragedy and one for comedy (Nobles, p56). The theatre of Dionysus, located near the Acropolis, was one of the first theatrical structures where actors presented their plays. The Acropolis was a major structure in the city of Athens. The theatre, which resembles a baseball stadium in the modern day, comprised of three parts, the orchestra, a large circular space and buildings behind it. The other part was the skene, which in modern days is â€Å"scenery†. These were the buildings behind the orchestra, whose painting portrayed the play’s settings. They also held a backstage area where actors would rest in between the scenes and change their costumes. Then the third part was the audience who surrounded the stage on three sides (Porter, p56). A grand processional into the theatre of Dionysus kicked off the festivals, where people carried baskets of bread and jugs of wine and water as they entered in. They would offer the foodstuffs as a sacrifice to Dionysus (Porter, p95). Various groups of choirs performed songs, Dithyrambs right after the processional. These were song s accompanied by flutes and archived Dionysus’ life, particularly focusing on a single instance and were only performed by boys and men. The audience spent the remaining evening hours dancing and singing and in the following day, playwrights would announce the titles of their works to the audience. Performance of these works would take place in three days (Rieger, p75). A cycle of three plays formed the tragedies, where audience spent the whole day watching the entire cycle, which in many occasions ended in a burlesque and open sexual play known as a satyr. The characters in this play consisted of Greek myths and in addition, the playwrights from the previous tragedies, who would then engage in different kinds of immorality. There was performance of five comedies on the sixth day of the festival (Nobles, p67). Although people perceived these comedies as less complicated, it was still honorable for the best comedy to win. Judges would determine the winner at the end of the fes tival, whom they would award with a trophy and festoons. The greatest prize from the competition was however a goat, where the winner had an opportunity of giving it as a sacrifice to Dionysus. Aeschylus won many times the prize for the best tragedy than any other person. Unlike today’s plays where actors speak, the actors in the Greek plays would sing. These plays consisted of about four to thirty people who stood at the back of the orchestra.

Visual Arts - David Henry Hwang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Visual Arts - David Henry Hwang - Essay Example M. Butterfly is a persuasive Asian-American playwright, chosen by Hwang because of his familiarity with the pessimistic stereotypes permeating through his work. His text uses sarcasm as a literary instrument by using the extreme cliches that it basically confronted. Though the use of sexuality and change ambiguity, authority reversals in M. Butterfly efficiently illustrates the pessimistic effects of typecasts for sexuality and ethnicity. Through the creation of fiction of the Orient, the basic conflict of the playwright arises from the ultimate cause of the character collapse. Gallimard’s character serves as the main cause of the conflict in the playwright through the reflection of the West’s faulty supreme nature. Character comparison One of the most influential characters in the playwright is Cornelius Hackl. Hackl is a thirty-three years old leading clerk at a shop owned by Horace Vandergelder. In the first scenes of the play, Vandergelder pronounces to Hackl that h e has chosen to promote him to the status of the leading clerk in the shop after thorough deliberation. The declaration that the shop owner had promoted Hackl to the leading clerk previously held his position and made the rest of the store realize that he is in a groove. As a result, he persuades Barnaby to join him for a night of the town in New York. While persuading him, Hackl comes across Irene Molloy in her hat store whilst he is imagining being a well-off trendsetter for a hat and in the process, falls in love with her. To maintain Mrs. Molloy position from discovering that Hackl is a simple clerk, Dolly Levi makes up a prodigal tale regarding him being one of the most sought-out bachelors in New York illustrating that he originates from a well-off family. Dolly Levi also worked Vandergelder's shop because he desires. The moment Mrs. Molloy becomes aware of him afterwards; she persuades that he and Barnaby takes his assistant to a luxurious eatery. Hackl tags along with the ta ke and does not inform her of the real story. This guilt builds up inside him and is detained when he cannot afford to pay the bill until a stranger discovers wallet. His wallet is filled with money and offers it to Hackl presuming that it had fell. A series of the misguided personalities and characters caused Miss Van Huysen to spend majority of the time in the following scenes. Hackl believes that Ambrose Kemper takes the personality of Hackl and eventually reconciles to take hold of their actual personalities and roles in the playwright. When M. Butterfly was initially performed in 1988 in Washington D. C. and then on Broadway analyses were absolutely assorted. Majority of the critics realized that Hwang was a playwright of great talent. Nevertheless, the play has received much praise for the regularly strengthened by several strict criticisms. Positively, frank rich in the New York Times magazine defined M. Butterfly as a visionary work that connects the history and the traditio nal of two entities. At the same time, the play was referred to as the intricate of infinity of Chinese boxes. Hwang contributed to the fact that majority of appreciative that the playwright through the writer’s ambition produced and staged in Broadway. The other character being compared in the playwright is Dolly Levi. Levi is one of the main characters and the one following those who entitled it. She is an inciter who does not mind creating corporate cards that state that she is qualified in handling varicose veins. Her presumed skills enabled her

The Alamo 1877 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Alamo 1877 - Essay Example The Alamo became a battlefield between the Texan volunteer forces and the Mexican army troops in 1836. Before that in 1835 the Mexican army after taking over the church, changed it into a fort but was defeated by immigrant settlers and natives of Texas. This historical war for independence was fought with exemplary bravery against odds of limited number of soldiers sacrificing their lives, fighting against a powerful Mexican army. William Barett Travis – the leading hero of the war fought a heroic battle against Santa Anna’s powerful Mexican army – made an appeal to his people in one of his letters from the Alamo in 1836 for support. â€Å"I shall never surrender or retreat. Then, I call on you in the name of Liberty, of patriotism, and everything dear to the American character, to come to our aid with all dispatch. ...† proclaiming â€Å"VICTORY OR DEATH† (Page 2 William Barrett Travis Letter from the Alamo, 1836). As no support reached at the site of battle, Santa Anna’s army attacked resulting in the death of the saviors of the Alamo. This historic fight took place on February 20, 1835. About 150 Texas fighters, under the command of William B. Travis got ready to save San Antonio fort – the Alamo – opposing Mexican General Santa Anna’s largely over-competitive army. Background: Since 1835, the Texans had been on a winning spree. Most of the Mexican army had left with the elimination of their garrison. As most of the volunteers of the war had returned back home thinking that war was over, the fight on the Alamo was still not over. There was lack of unity in the provisional government; as a result no fast supplies could be rushed to the Alamo. In this context, the message of the letter written by William B. Travis was important. There were only 100 fighters in January under the command of James C. Neil; about twenty five volunteers led by James Bowie joined later. William B. Travis reached the Alamo on February 3

Doris dorie miller

Doris dorie miller Not much people know about the name Doris â€Å"Dorie† Miller when you ask them. However he was listed as one of the bravest man doing the attack on Pearl Harbor. He was the first African American to be awarded the Navy Cross award, and it was the third highest honor awarded by the US Navy at the time. Who is Doris Miller? Miller was born October 12, 1919 in Waco, Texas to Henrietta and Connery Miller. Being the third of four sons, he grows up in a strong loving household. As a child he often helps around the house, cooking meals and doing laundry, as well as working the fields. He went to high school at Wacos A.J. Moore High School. There he was a good student and a fullback on the football team, they called him the â€Å"Raging Bull† because of his size which was five foot nine and was over two hundred Ibs. He worked on his father farm until the age nineteen. He then when to Dallas to enlist in the US Navy as Mess Attendant, Third Class in September 1939, in which was the only military job classification officially open to African Americans during the time. He had enlisted to travel, and earn money for his family. Miller was trained at the Naval Training Station in Norfolk, Virginia. He was later assigned to the ammunition ship USS Pyro where he served as a Mess Attendant. Then later he was t ransferred to the USS West Virginia. There he became the ships heavyweight boxing champion. Why is Doris Miller Famous? Doris Miller is famous cause of is braver during the attack on Pearl Harbor. He was a cook on board of a ship during the attack on Pearl Harbor. When the attack began he help carry wounded sailors to safer sections of the ship and help carried the ships wounded captain, Mervyn Bennion, off the bridge. He then manned a 50-caliber anti-aircraft machine gun on deck of the ship. He had never been trained to fire the gun at the time. However it was said he shot down as many as six planes before being ordered to abandon ship. A week after Pearl Harbor he was transferred to the USS Enterprise where Commander in Chief Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, pinned the Navys highest award for valor, the Navy Cross on is chest at the age 22. He was the first African American to receive this award. What Happen During the Attack? Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941 Miller was on deck collecting laundry at 7:55 a.m. Most of the other ship crew were either sleeping or spending the weekend ashore. On Sunday morning no one had expected the attacks. When the alarm for the general quarters sounded, Miller ran to his battle station but a torpedo had damage it already. He then was knocked down by an explosions but scrambled back to his feet to see many sailors was wounded by the explosions. He then tries to carry out the wounded sailors to a safer part of the boat. There where he saw the wounded captain and then carried him off the bridge. He then manned a 50-caliber anti-aircraft machine gun on the deck and began to shot down the Japanese aircraft. How Did Miller Die? Miller was aboard the Liscome Bay were they was called on to assist the flight crews who were preparing the planes for launching at dawn. There when no warning a Japanese submarine shot a torpedo and struck the carrier. The entire interior of the ship burst into flames. Within minutes the ship sank, taking down the captain, 53 other officers, and 591 crewmen. Only 272 men were rescued a Dorie Miller was not among them. Dorie Millers parents were later notified that their son was missing in action. The following year, on November 25, 1944, he and the other missing crew member were officially presumed dead. The carrier he was on received one battle star for its service in WW II. Where Are Millers Memorials? Dorie Miller has lots of memorial like the USS Miller a Knox- class frigate was commissioned in his honor. Also the Doris Miller Foundation was founded to give an annual award to the individual or group considered outstanding in the field of race relations. There is a lot more like the Doris Miller Drive, Doris Miller Center, Dorie Miller Houses, Dorie Miller Housing Project, the Dorie and Doris Miller Elementary School, the Doris Miller YMCA, The Doris Miller Park, The Doris Miller Community Center, and must more. Notes Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, Vol. IV. Navy Department, 1969. Richardson, Ben. Great American Negroes, Crowell, 1956. Http://www.history.navy.mil/fags/fag57-4.htm â€Å"Mess Attendant Doris Miller.htm.† Medal of Honor.com USS West Virginia Action Report mentioning Miller http://www.answers.com/topic/doris-miller Bibliography Extracts from USS West Virginias 11 December 1941 Action Report, Relating to Doris Miller during the Pearl Harbor Attack African American in the U.S. Navy: A Bibliography The Pearl Harbor Attack, 7 December 1941 National Archives: War in the Pacific: Mess Attendant First Class Doris Miller

The Great Depression Essay -- Economics Finance History Economy Essays

The Great Depression The Great Depression was an economic slump in North America, Europe, and other industrialized areas of the world that began in 1929 and lasted until about 1939. There were a few main areas of focus during the Great Depression. The key areas were the Crash of the Stock Market, Unemployment Rate, the effect on the rest of the world, World War II and our political out look and the way different countries handle themselves today. The Great Depression was the longest and most severe depression ever experienced by the industrialized Western world. Though the U.S. economy had gone into depression six months earlier, the Great Depression may be said to have begun with a catastrophic collapse of stock-market prices on the New York Stock Exchange in October 1929, when President Hoover came in office. During the next three years stock prices in the United States continued to fall, until by late 1932 they had dropped to only about 20 percent of their value in 1929 (www.english.uiuc.edu). Some of the stock figures I received from (www.huppi.com) indicate the changes of the Gross National Product from 1930 until 1939. The Gross National Product, or GNP, for 1930 had a negative change of 9.4 percent. In 1931, the GNP continued to decline another 8.5 percent. In 1932 it dropped another 13.4 percent and continued to drop 2.1 percent in 1933. In 1934 the GNP made a turn for the better and started to increase by 7.7 percent and continued to rise in 1935 with an increase of 8.1 percent. During 1936 and 1937 the GNP rose for a combined amoun t of 19.1 percent but do to the beginning of recession in 1938 it had a drop of 4.5 percent. Once Recession ended the GNP went up 7.9 percent in 1939. (Www.english.uiuc.edu) tells us that besides ruining many thousands of individual investors, this precipitous decline in the value of assets greatly strained banks and other financial institutions, particularly those holding stocks in their portfolios. Many banks were consequently forced into insolvency; by 1933, 11,000 of the United States' 25,000 banks had failed. The failure of so many banks, combined with a general and nationwide loss of confidence in the economy, led to much-reduced levels of spending and demand and hence of production, thus aggravating the downward spiral. â€Å"The result was drastically falling output and drastically rising unemployment; ... ...its were contracting it; The Fed's inaction was the reason why the initial recession turned into a prolonged depression; The economy continually sank throughout Hoover's entire term. Under Roosevelt's New Deal, it rose five out of seven years. Attempts to blame Big Government for the Depression do not withstand serious scrutiny; The Smoot-Hawley Tariff had a minor impact because trade formed only 6 percent of the U.S. economy, and reducing trade gave Americans only that much more money to spend domestically. Hoover's other attempts at government intervention came mostly during his last year in office, when the Depression was already at its depth; The first nations to come out of the Great Depression were Sweden, Germany, Great Britain, and then everyone else did so after they adopted the Keynesian solution of heavy deficit government spending and the Keynesian economic policies have eliminated the depression from the world's economies in the six decades that have followed. Works Cited WWW.huppi.com WWW.english.uiuc.edu Nelson Cary Kennedy, David Freedom From Fear: The American People in Depression and War Oxford, New York 1999 Oxford University Press   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Western Media on Pussy Riot

The Pussy Riot case has received much attention around the world based on the ethics of the court’s decision and freedom of expression. The Western media covers the news with facts with truth and consistency, however the information presented shows a favourite towards the side of the Russian band Pussy Riot and against the Putin government. Canadian news such as CTV, CBC and music news like Much Music covered the story with facts of Canadian citizens protesting against Pussy Riot’s two-year sentence to jail. The news has covered people protesting with signs on the street and using bias language against the Russian government.The United States’ news has also played a big role in supporting the band’s fight for freedom. News networks such as CNN, The Wall Street Journal and MTV have covered the news with favoured sided facts for the band. Stories of protest and government officials’ disapproval of the band’s sentence have all been published to the western public resulting in citizens fighting for the Russian band. Social networks such as Twitter played a big role in support of the band’s freedom. Celebrities such as Madonna and Jesse McCartney have also played a role in supporting for the Band.Western world views the court sentencing as a violation of freedom of speech. Western news cover stories with the question what, where, when rather to why. The western news reveals all the facts, however does not stress on the why and the reasons for the Russian court’s decisions. The readers receive a sense of injustice and wrong when reading news about the Pussy Riot’s case. The western world stresses on freedom and democracy and the Russian court imposed a strict and intolerance towards some sorts of behaviour of expression. The western news had made a positive outcome for the punk band, Pussy Riot.CTV, CBC and Much Music have covered news of Canadian citizens showing support for the Band. News about the band ’s arrest initiated as an arrest for freedom of speech against the Russian government. The news has escalated when the band got sentenced for two years for â€Å"hooliganism† and religious hatred. News headlines such as â€Å" Imprisoned Pussy Riot face tough life in penal colony† by CTV, â€Å"Pussy Riot supporters protest outside consulate in Toronto† and â€Å"Pussy Riot protest: Conviction of anti-Putin Pussy Riot band sparks worldwide protests† by CBC implies a dissent on the Russian court’s decision.Canadian news reports that the band faces charges for expressing their political views in a democratic country and North America have expressed disapproval to this action. Fans and Canadian supporters of freedom of expression have expressed their disapproval to the world by protesting on the streets, reported by news reports, and using social networks such as Twitter. Much Music has posted pictures of people protesting with signs that decla re, â€Å"Punk Rock is not a crime†, â€Å"Protect freedom of expression† and â€Å"free Pussy Riot†. These declarations exhibit a definite support for the band and disapproval for the Russian court’s decision.An example of Canadian news support of the band is CTV’s news report when the band was sentenced to jail Outside the Russian consulate on Bloor Street, about 100 people carried placards and musical instruments, The Canadian Press reported. â€Å"I felt it was so wrong on so many levels I felt I had to do something,† Toronto organizer Lynn Flatley told CTV’s Canada AM Friday morning, before the protest began. â€Å"I had never done anything like this but it was a tipping point for me. † Another protest got underway outside the Russian embassy in Ottawa around 1 p. m. hile another was scheduled to start at 6 p. m. in Montreal. The three band members, two of whom have young children, have been in jail since March when they b urst into a cathedral during services and recited a ‘punk prayer’ calling on the Virgin Mary to protect Russian citizens from Vladimir Putin, who was set to win a new term as president at the time. (CTV news: Pussy Riot supporters protest conviction outside consulate in Toronto) CTV has published the protester’s passion about their objection of the band’s sentence by quoting one of the protesters and describing the event.Also CTV has also mentioned that the band members have young children and describe they have been in jail since March, which implies an unfavourable and detest for the decision of the Court. CTV has insinuated questions of ethics such as â€Å"How can they sentence mothers to jail? † and â€Å" Why is the government against freedom of expression? † Western News also criticised the Russian government since Pussy Riot’s actions was a protest against the Putin government. Much Music has informed Canadian music fans with b ias information â€Å"Today Russian punks Pussy Riot received a two-year sentence for â€Å"hooliganism. That, of course, is in the eyes of their country’s authorities, but what the band were charged with was simply speaking out against a ruthless government. Knowing they weren’t likely to get off, they prepared a new single to help spread the message about the importance of free speech, with the song â€Å"Putin Light Up The Flames. † (Much Music News) Much Music has claimed the Russian government to be â€Å"ruthless† because they sentence a band for simply â€Å"speaking out†. Much Music, and other Canadian news, described the actions of Pussy Riot to be innocent.Pussy Riot has an opinion and their actions have made a controversy against the Russian government. Canada is known to be a democratic and free society and the actions of the Russian government have proven to have strict rules for freedom of expression. Canadian media is playing a big role in getting Canada rallied up against the Russian court. According to the rules of media ethics it is considered unethical for the media’s invention of the state, however Canadians are protesting for what they believe is right and that is the right of freedom of expression.The United States’ media reports on facts of the event. Similar to Canadian news, the media reports on facts that undermine the Russian court’s decisions. America’s news covered the story about Pussy Riot’s sentencing using words such as â€Å"lack of freedom of speech in Russia† and â€Å"restricting the freedom of expression and association† (CNN news). CNN covered news with quotations of the people involved on the case. Amnesty International and the UN have gotten involved of the Pussy Riot case with disapproval of the court’s decision.America’s government officials have also gotten involved by declaring protest against the court. CNN had repor ted all negative quotes and comments of the decision of the court, John Dalhuisen, director of Amnesty International's Europe and Central Asia Program, urged Russian authorities to overturn the sentence and release the trio unconditionally. He also highlighted recent measures â€Å"restricting the freedom of expression and association† introduced after a wave of popular protests that accompanied elections earlier this year. This trial is another example of the Kremlin's attempts to discourage and delegitimize dissent. It is likely to backfire,† he said. Human Rights Watch also said the women should never have been prosecuted for a hate crime. â€Å"The charges and verdict against the Pussy Riot band members distort both the facts and the law,† Hugh Williamson, the rights group's Europe and Central Asia director, said in a statement. This paragraph demonstrates that the Russian court’s decision on sentencing Pussy Riot in jail is absolutely unethical.The ba nd sentenced for â€Å"hooliganism† and religious hate crime by the Russian court have turned to violation of freedom of expression that violates rules of Human Rights. The Wall Street Journal has reported that the Prime Minister of Russia, Dmitry Medvedev, thought the jail sentencing was â€Å"too harsh† and the US Embassy in Moscow has claimed the sentence to be â€Å"disproportionate†. The US’s media reports their facts with quotes to support and strengthen the authenticity of story and therefore reinforce their disapproval of the Russian court.MTV have reported celebrities’ protest for the band. Madonna recently performed a riot-styled show wearing a mask, like what Pussy Riot did during their protest, during one of her shows in Moscow. Jesse McCartney had showed support for the band by using Twitter for expression. Celebrities have a huge influence on the world and it is another type of media that shows support towards Pussy Riot. America has a huge influence on the world and that influence may or may not help the band’s fight for freedom, however America’s media definitely implies strong condemnation for Russia’s government.Western media has shown strong evidence of support for Pussy Riot. The media hasn’t necessarily agreed with the band’s actions but they definitely do not agree the band’s sentence to jail for expressing their opinion. North Americans have shown support with protests on the streets and expressing their dissent by using social networks like Twitter. Canadian news reports show pictures and videos of people protests and American news like to use a lot of quotes that express dissent from important world figures.These obviously show a bias support for the band. The Western media fails to cover the side of the Russian’s court and the Church’s views and to why Pussy Riot was sentenced for 2 years. The band has protested against Putin’s government in a very important orthodox church in Russia that may have led to emotional undertakings. Whether or not the Pussy Riot’s sentence was too harsh or not, the Western media only portrayed a negative effect on the Russian court and a favour for the band’s freedom of expression.The protest from the Western citizens could have been influence by the Western news or may be influence by people’s justice to right of expression since Canada and America embrace the notion of freedom and expression. Current situation The three band members Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, Maria Alyokhina, and Yekaterina Samustevich were arrested and threatened with seven years’ imprisonment. Their pretrial detention were extended for month, and finally on August 17, 2012, the three members were convicted of hooliganism, and each was sentenced to two years imprisonment.On the appeal hearing on October 1, 2012, Samustevich terminated the representation of her defense attorney because of the c onflict of their position. On October 10, Samustevich’s new attorney filed another appeal for Samustevich and argued that Samustevich did not committed hooliganism in the church, because â€Å"cathedral guards had stopped Samutsevich before she had time to get her guitar out of its case†. The appeal was accepted and the court released Samutsevich with two years in probation. The court upholds the conviction and sentences for the other two band members.The release of the Pussy Riot video had a significant impact on Russian society and the public debate. Since Russia is a regime that believes imprisonment can repress people’s political objection, the Pussy Riot’s case start the public debate of the involvement of the Catholic Church in politics, women’s right and freedom of expression. However, one of the outstanding factors of the Pussy Riot case was the numerous coverage over social media. According to the media monitor News Effector, 86% of the wo rld mass media had covered the Pussy Riot case.Compare to the Iraq, news reporters had limited and censored information from the government. However, regarding to the Pussy Riot case, the media’s establishment had been pushed to a higher lever. Right and left wings, celebrities, and supporters were all engaged in the debate o the Pussy Riot trial. Due to the massive media coverage, Pussy Riot was treated more like a positive propaganda. Western media coverage tend to became more subjective and assertive, they â€Å"failed to mention† several crucial points in order to get more supportive comments. ?

Issues Affecting Communication in the Workplace

This essay will focus primarily on three main issues that can undermine effective communication namely cultural diversity, emotions and language (Robbins et al. 2011 p. 331). The importance of feedback in an organisation to improve communication would also be reviewed (Iyer & Israel 2012 p. 55). Through feedback received, communication unveils opportunities to improve the individual and general performances of the organisation (Daneci-Patrau 2011 p. 496).Communication in an organisation comprises of many dimensions spanning formal and informal means of internal communication and external communications (Iyer & Israel 2012 p. 52). Communication is an ongoing process in which feelings, ideas, values and perceptions are transferred from one person to another through symbols which can be in the form of nonverbal, verbal and graphic communication (Dwyer 2009). Organisational communication refers to the transferring of information among members of an organisation, as well as in correctly u nderstanding the message contained in the information (Daneci-Patrau 2011p. 88). In order for an organisation to function effectively coordination of all aspects of the organisation must be achieved and this can only be done through effective communication which enables the organisation to meet its goals and objectives (Daneci-Patrau 2011). Effective communication is necessary in understanding management behaviour, reducing misunderstanding and building trust in and amongst members of an organisation (Daneci-Patrau 2011).Managers play an important role in ensuring the flow of communication through the organisation by using an effective system whereby feedback is received and acted upon (Daneci-Patrau 2011 496). Dwyer (2009 p. 9) states that leaders and managers with effective communication skills are able to work directly with people thereby minimising direct controls and encouraging more understanding, commitment, motivation and productivity within the organisation.The occurrence o f misunderstanding and inefficiency in an organisation can be attributed to lack of communication (Iyer & Israel 2012). Means of communication has grown significantly with the advancement in technology. Managers now have access to various communication channels such as emails, teleconferencing, computers, mobile phones and fax which speeds up the business of communicating (Alger, Delahunty & Diamantopoulos 1997).Communication channels must be established through appropriate methods and on all levels in an organisation both on an individual and group level between various people in the workplace ranging from clients, who are either internal or external to the organisation, staff members from within and outside it, those in managerial positions and line personnel (Klenk & Hickey 2010). The role of an organisation and management is to facilitate and coordinate communication within the organisation.Klenk & Hickey (2010) states that organisational communication relates to the transaction al and symbolic process that facilitates the coordination of activities through mutual adjustments of behaviour of individual parts to achieve a common goal. Communication in an organisation is not just the mere exchange of information, it is more comprehensive than that and includes constructive meanings between members of the organisation who influence each other in the context of asymmetrical power relationships during which they compete for power, resources and legitimacy (Klenk and Hickey 2010).Managers within organisations are in positions of power and personal influence in their relationships with employees and should be proactive in communicating with staff (White, Vanc & Stafford 2010). A number of studies have linked internal communication and the degree to which employees are given feedback to their job satisfaction and performance (White, Vanc & Stafford 2010).Vos (2009) measures performance in the communication area based on the following criteria: the management must s upport the holistic assessment of the organisation, the assessment must be an integral part of the communication function, the assessment process must be a team activity and those responsible for implementing these changes must be part of the team, the assessment must be well-prepared and well-organised and before commencement, those concerned should be well-informed of the organisation’s communication activities. Communication breakdown occurs when the message is not fully understood by the receiver.Breakdowns occur in situations when messages are distorted or blocked in some ways (Alger, Delahunty & Diamantopoulos 1997). These breakdowns are of major concern to the organisation as it may cost them both time and money (Alger, Delahunty & Diamantopoulos 1997). The first undermining factor we will be looking at is culture. Cultural diversity in the workplace is increasingly growing as most organisations today are multicultural in nature (Robbins et al. 2011). Culture is dynami c and a constantly changing in nature over time (Dwyer 2009).Communication barriers can also arise from different languages spoken, values and customs of individuals from various ethnic backgrounds. (Robbins, DeCenzo, Coulter &Woods 2011, p. 331). Culture refers to the norms, beliefs, customs, ethics, codes, mores, values, sentiments, behaviour and attitudes of individuals in a society (Kumar & Chakravarthi 2009). The more common the culture between two people, the greater the likelihood of achieving mutual understanding and effective communication(Alger, Delahunty & Diamantopoulos 1997).Culture can form barriers in communication when individuals are not aware of each other’s differences in values or customs (Kumar & Chakravarthi 2009). Managers today work with people from different nationalities and it is therefore important for them to be culturally competent through gaining knowledge of the cultural aspects of individual and countries they interact with to ensure effective and efficient communication (Todarita & Ranf 2009). Another issue that can undermine effective communication is one’s emotion.Emotions refer to the physiological and psychological state at the immediate time of communication (Smeltzer & Waltman 1984). Robbins et al. (2011) also defines emotions in regards to communication, as how a receiver feels when the message is received and how he or she interprets it. There are two types of emotional abilities namely managing emotions and the use of emotions to facilitate thinking and communication associated with job performance in an organisation (Lindebaum 2009).Emotional Intelligence (EI) is a term that is used to substantiate personal skills and characteristics that are responsible for the ways in which individuals behave, feel and relate to others in a job context (Dwyer 2009). Emotionally intelligent leaders are able to have the social skills and awareness to associate effectively in different settings (Dwyer 2009). In personal, social and business relationships, managers are able to build satisfying relationships nd make effective decisions based on their EI (Dwyer 2009). When emotions are running high, individuals often disregard rational and objective thinking process and substitute it with emotional judgements (Robbins et al. 2011, p. 331). ‘Learning to recognise emotions and empathise with others, developing high self-esteem, managing emotional upsets and anger are all emotional skills that managers and staff should learn’ (Dwyer 2009). In addition, use of language can affect communication adversely.To communicate effectively managers must learn to be clear and concise and tailor their language at an appropriate level so that their audience understands the meaning (Alger, Delahunty & Diamantopoulos 1997 p. 256). Due to the diverse backgrounds of employees in an organisation, different patterns of speech are formed easily in a specialized environment and this developed technical language i s known as jargon (Robbins et al. 2011).Although jargon may greatly help communication within specialized groups, it can impede communication among individuals who are not conversant with the language (Understanding and Managing Organisational Behaviour 2006). Age, education and cultural backgrounds are variables that influence the language a person uses and the definitions the individual applies to it (Robbins et al. 2011). An example of incorporating a language for better communication can be seen in Denmark where predominantly speaking Danish organisations are obliged to adopt English into their organisation (Tange & Lauring 2009). Language management and social interaction within the multilingual workplace national and corporate languages serve different needs and purposes, which is particularly evident  in  a country such as Denmark, where corporate language planning involves the imposition of an English  lingua franca  on  organisations  that are traditionally Dani sh-speaking’ (Tange & Lauring 2009). Tange & Lauring (2009) provides that language usage within multinational companies has suggested that multilingualism creates a complex managerial situation with great implications for cross-cultural communication. When communicating across cultures, awareness of the meaning of the words and idiomatic expressions in the language of another culture can prevent communication barriers and their consequences’ (Dwyer 2009 p. 41). Furthermore, feedback system is an example of a system that managers can use to improve communication in their respective organisation. Kaymaz (2011) defines feedback as the most important stage in the communication process. Communication is a two way process, and managers must be prepared to give feedback to employees and in return encourage feedback from employees (Hitt, Black, Porter & Hanson 2007).Receiving feedback is important as it indicates to the sender that their message has been received and correctly understood and interpreted (Robbins et al. 2011). Once received, feedback can trigger another idea from the sender, initiating yet another cycle of communication which triggers yet another round of feedback, thereby continuing the cyclical nature of the communication process (Understanding and Managing Organisational Behaviour 2006). The provision of feedback helps reduce the likelihood of misinterpretation to occur in the workplace (Iyer & Israel 2012 p. 2). For example in an organisation that sells goods and services directly to customers, the organisation can evaluate their performance by encouraging feedback from customers based on employee service and conduct. ‘Customer feedback can help to identify problem areas and strengths, and generate ideas for service improvements’ (Wirtz, Tambyah & Mattila 2010). Measuring performance should not be seen as extra work but rather as part of normal business operations. Feedback should be seen as a method for continuous assess ment and improvement.In this sense, it can be seen as a strategic feedback system that improves communication within the organisation in general. Performance measurement leads to transparency and in turn drives innovation and creativity (Vos 2009). In conclusion, organisations do not have independent existence, they associate with many groups and individuals by means of effective communication and feedback to achieve their results and desired outcomes (Alger, Delahunty & Diamantopoulos 1997). Interaction with organisations occurs through different channels of communication and by different methods.All organisations and managers need to be aware of the communication patterns that occur within their environment to ensure effective communication (Alger, Delahunty & Diamantopoulos 1997 p. 117). The complex world of management today presents countless occasions to those in managerial positions to express their ideas and convince or persuade others to accept their ideas (Showry & Manasa 2 012). However, it can be an ordeal if one fails to focus on the critical foundation which is effective communication (Showry & Manasa 2012).Factors such as language, culture and emotions can undermine effective communication in an organisation but through feed-back achieved, communication discloses opportunities to improve the individual and general performances of the organisation (Daneci-Patrau 2011). From this essay we can draw on the significance of effective communication in an organisation and how the lack of it can result in decreased productivity, poor interpersonal relationships between employees and employers and be the cause of other serious workplace issues that could lead to other negative outcomes (Mallet Hammer 2005). ReferencesAlger G, Delahunty, J, Diamantopoulos, A 1997, Business Management, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press. Daneci-Patrau, D. 2011, ‘Formal Communication in Organisation’, Economics, Management and Financial Markets, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 4 87-497. 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